Will Genetically Modified Foods Doom Us All

Table of Contents What Are Genetically Modified Foods? History of Genetically Modified Foods Prevalence and Involved Plants Benefits of Genetically Modified Foods Environmental Safety Food Safety Works Cited Genetically Modified Foods refer to foods obtained from crops whose genetic composition has been altered. This is done in two main ways: traditional selection and breeding, and use of scientific technology. Almost everyone in the world, including scientists, public officials, and religious groups, has been expressing concerns about the new way of confronting world hunger through genetically modified (GM) foods.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Will Genetically Modified Foods Doom Us All? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People have also been complaining about agribusiness because it only cares about making profit. Although GM foods are capable of resolving most starvation and malnutrition issues, as well as aiding in the protection and conservation of the environment, they pose various human health and environmental risks. What Are Genetically Modified Foods? GM foods are foods that are produced from crops that have been genetically altered through advanced molecular biology skills. Plants are genetically altered to increase their nutritional values to fight malnutrition around the world. Some plants are genetically modified to resist pests so that food security is available by ensuring good crops. Before the advances in molecular biology skills, we were able to develop these qualities in plants by crossbreeding them, â€Å"marrying† one type of plant to another type. However, this still was not adequate because the world’s population increases by the millions per day and the creation of these hybrid plants is time consuming and not exactly successful. That is why genetic engineering is mostly used today instead of crossbreeding. Genetic engineering cannot only alter plants to produce the desired outcome, it can do it precisely. One easy way to explain what scientists do is that they separate a gene from a plant that has the desired qualities and then insert the gene into the host plant’s gene. Any kind of genes can be used, an animal’s or a plant’s gene can be relocated to another plant. One of the most desired outcomes from a crop is the ability to grow tolerance to the effects of herbicide. A good example of Genetic Modification Crop is the use of Bacillus thuringiensis genes in corn and other crops (Makoni and Mohammed-Katerere 303). Bacillus thuringiensis is a naturally occurring bacterium that generates a crystal protein that is toxic to caterpillars. When the gene of Bacillus thuringiensis is inserted into a corn gene, the corn becomes intolerable to caterpillars. In other words, the corn generates its own pesticide. History of Genetically Modified Foods The first ever genetically modified crops were produced i n the 1980s. However, the earliest food to arrive in US supermarkets was Flavr Savr tomatoes, which were introduced in 1994. With a particularly solid skin, the Flavr Savr guaranteed a longer shelf life than nearly all other tomatoes (Zinnen and Voichick 31). Scientist had removed the gene that controls the softening of the tomato. Unfortunately, Flavr Savr tomatoes were discontinued due to their high market price.Advertising Looking for research paper on agriculture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Genetically modified foods make exaggerated promises for confronting a number of our greatest problems. Similar to all new technologies, the genetic modification of foods presents some risks, both recognized and unrecognized. Arguments surrounding GM foods usually focus on environmental and human safety. According to the documentary film The Future of Food, a debate, whether the use of GM should be continued or discontinued, has be en ongoing among farmers, giant biotech corporations, the government, and consumers. The genetic modification of Flavr Savr tomatoes is one example of how the government helped to introduce GM foods into the US market. Before the tomatoes were brought into the market, Calgene had done several voluntary testing on rats that had consumed the tomatoes. They found lesions in the rats’ stomachs. Despite these findings, the government approved the tomatoes for sale in May 1994 (The Future of Food). In 2001, Americans became aware that GM foods were part of their everyday diet due to the ingestion of genetically modified food by Grace Booth that sent her to hospital and late, she was diagnosed with severe allergic reaction. Since then, consumers have been active in the debate. In 2002, a concerned mother in Oregon took the initiative to push for labeling of genetically modified products; however this campaign was defeated by the $4.6 million spent on the industry’s counter ca mpaign. In 1992, the government helped promote GMO products again. Vice President Dan Quayle stated: â€Å"We will ensure that biotech products will receive the same oversight as other products instead of being hammered by unnecessary regulations.† What he was actually recommending was that there should be no regulations at all on GMO products. GM food later was placed under the category generally recognized as safe (GRAS). The forces behind GM food received regulatory approval by claiming that the process is â€Å"substantially equivalent† to classical breeding practices and therefore should not be regulated. There has been much corroboration between the giant biotech company Monsanto and the government. For example, Micky Kantor, who was secretary of commerce, also served as Board of Director of Mosanto and Lidia Watrud, an Environmental Protection Agency and also Monsanto researcher; and the list goes on and on. However, what truly allow farmers to go on producing G M corn are subsidies from the government.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Will Genetically Modified Foods Doom Us All? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Prevalence and Involved Plants According to the United States Department of Agriculture and the FDA, over forty plant types exist that have fulfilled all of the national requirements for selling (Sforza). Examples of these plants include cantaloupes and tomatoes that have customized ripening traits, sugar beets and soy beans that are anti-herbicides, cotton plants and corn with improved resistance to vermin, and potato plants with the genes of chickens and giant silk moths to increase disease resistance. However, not all of these products have been available in supermarkets or grocery stores until now. Still, the number of GM foods that are available in US supermarkets is large. Even though there are only a few wholly genetically modified vegetables, fru its, and crops available, almost anything else that is sold in supermarkets contains at least some amount of genetically modified ingredients, unprocessed ingredients come from several places. How would you like to know that your potato was mixed with chicken and giant silk moth genes or that your corn contains the genes of fireflies (Zinnen and Voichick 35)? Benefits of Genetically Modified Foods GM foods do have several benefits. These benefits are directly related to human health and the environment. The first benefit of a GM food is pest resistance. Did you know that the total loss from pests account for 65–80% of attainable yields (Oerke and Dehne). These crop losses due to insect vermin can be overwhelming. Insects not only create devastating economic losses for farmers but also create malnutrition or famine in developing nation. Another argument in support of GM foods is that every year agriculturists use several tons of chemical insect killers. It is proven that eatin g food that is treated with high amounts of pesticides may cause potential health hazards to consumers. Finally, the use of these pesticides and fertilizers may contaminate the water supply. At the end of the farming season, the land is washed away by water, and this water carries all the toxic chemicals, resulting in environmental pollution. Planting GM crops such as corn that is inserted with Bacillus thuringiensis can help in eradicating the use of these toxic chemicals and decrease the market price because the yield of crops (supply) will be greater. Hence, potential hazards, environmental risks, and world hunger could be reduced.Advertising Looking for research paper on agriculture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The second benefit of GM foods is that genetic modification provides herbicide tolerance (â€Å"Herbicide Use and GM Crops† 1). Usually, farmers spray vast amounts of weed killers rather than eliminate them through physical methods, such as digging. Weed killers are easier to apply and longer lasting. Through the use of GM crop plants, which can resist potent herbicides, environmental harm can be diminished by decreasing the quantity of herbicides used. For example, Monsanto has produced a strain of soybeans genetically modified so that the more tolerant to herbicide effect. A farmer cultivating these soybeans only needs to make a single application of herbicides instead of several applications, thereby decreasing production expenditure and the risks of agricultural-waste overspill. The third benefit is disease resistance. A wide variety of fungi, viruses, and bacteria exist that can lead to the loss of crops through infection. Biologists are trying to produce plants with gen etically modified resistance to these infections. This will in turn lead to a healthier environment because fewer toxic substances will be introduced into the environment for disease-resistance purposes. Disease resistant crops will result in high food production because of reduced losses of crops in the field and few costs of disease prevention. This will ultimately lead to sustainable food security in the world. The fourth benefit of GM foods is cold tolerance (Liang and Skinner 145). Unpredicted frost can annihilate vulnerable sprouts. Plants that are modified are less susceptible to temperatures that typically would kill unmodified sprouts through the use of antifreeze genes. For example, a gene from fish that live in cold water has been introduced in several plants that include tobacco and potatoes. This gene is antifreeze and helps these plants withstand extremely cold environments that would otherwise destroy them. These plants will increases food production, which in turn so lves some of the world’s hunger problem. In addition, it will also lower market value because greenhouses are not needed. The fifth benefit is salinity tolerance. Because the world’s population has increased and more land is used to build shelter than to grow food, farmers will have to cultivate crops in places formerly inappropriate for plant farming. Hence, there is a need for developing plants that can endure long phases of drought or high-salt conditions from the groundwater. For example, a tomato species that grows in salty environments has been developed.GM foods will help to increase food production in the world and hence counter instances of hunger in many parts of the world. The sixth benefit is nutrition. Undernourishment is widespread in developing countries, where people living in poverty depend on a single crop like rice as the main food staple. One of the more recent innovations in the field of GM foods is the invention of golden rice, rice that has been genetically modified to contain beta-carotene. Beta-carotene gives the grain a golden color. When it is consumed, the carotenoids transform into vitamin A in the body. Vitamin A deficiency is a common cause of blindness and child mortality in underdeveloped countries. Other crops that have been genetically modified to increase their nutritive value include corn, cassava, bananas and sorghum. They all have higher levels of minerals and vitamins compared to conventional types. Because the Rockefeller Foundation financed the creation of this rice, the organization is going to present rice seeds at no cost to any developing nation that needs them, with the aim of improving human health. Consumption of these biofortified foods could help improve the health of people in underdeveloped and developing countries. The seventh benefit of genetically modified foods is their economic viability. The technology has been largely beneficial in developing countries where it is credited with creation of jobs and increased income. Genetically modified foods are high yielding and many employees are needed to handle the crops in all the stages of processing and storage. For example, a recent study conducted in India revealed that Bt cotton, a genetically modified type of cotton, generates income that is 82% higher than the income generated by conventional cotton types. This gain in income contributes in the overall growth of the economy. Studies have shown that the income generated from Bt cotton, be it direct or indirect, raises the financial aggregate of India by $2 billion every year. A large portion of this income goes to households that live below the poverty line. In china, income generated by Bt cotton is in the range of $1 billion dollars every year. Genetically modified foods are contributing significantly in alleviating poverty and growing the economies of countries such as Pakistan, Argentina, South Africa, Mexico and Burkina Faso. The last benefit is in relation to phar maceuticals. Vaccines and drugs often are expensive to manufacture and at times need storage environments that are not available in developing nations. Scientists are now trying to create harmless vaccines and drugs that will naturally occur in potatoes and tomatoes. Bananas are also being genetically modified to cure hepatitis B (12 Bizarre Examples of Genetic Engineering: Banana Vaccines). Many fruits are now genetically modified by researchers to produce vaccines; however, banana is the most ideal. It will be easier to store these drugs and vaccines in the foods than to transport and direct vaccines injection, hence improving human health. Environmental Safety A key area of concern regarding GM foods is environmental safety. Critics and environmentalists are concerned about destruction to other species and the unintended effects of gene modification. Intended to fight pests, gene modification can disturb a range of balances in the environment. Studies reveal that pollen from B.t. (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn results in elevated death rates in Monarch butterfly caterpillars (Hellmich 1). Monarch caterpillars use milkweed plants instead of corn as a host plant. However, the concern is that if pollen from B.t. corn is delivered by the wind onto milkweed vegetation in near regions, the caterpillars might consume the pollen and die. Sadly, B.t. contaminants kill several classes of insect larvae randomly. Currently, it is not possible to modify B.t. venom to destroy only crop-destructive pests and spare all other species right now, although in the future such advanced technology may be possible. The rise of â€Å"excellent† weeds and â€Å"excellent† pests is also an area of concern. Crops that have been modified for herbicide tolerance and weeds might crossbreed as the windborne plant’s pollen migrates and thus create unwanted weeds (Tambornino 5). These enhanced weeds will likely be able to tolerate herbicides, so they will be more difficu lt to eradicate. Some farmers have decided to eradicate weeds by physical means. GM foods also can carry a devastating effect on soil ecosystem. The chances for soil biota to be exposed to these genetically modified genes are high. Although there has not been a lot of research conducted in this area, it is proven that these B.t toxic remains active in the soil for 140 days more or less and it also affect insects. These cause worries as these toxics can be passed on to other organisms that feed on these insects. This also would be a serious concern for poor farmers in developing countries who refused to use chemical fertilizers. It is because soil fertility will be reduced dramatically as these B.t toxins slow down the rates of decomposition and nutrient release that are done by soil organisms. Another particular environmental hazard is the possibility for wild crosspollination to occur (â€Å"GM Foods Renewed Threat† 1). Other modified plants’ genes may intersect with normal crops placed beside GM crops. Related concerns involve the involuntary formation of new super pests that would be resistant to several insect killers. In a similar fashion that some bacteria grow tolerant to nearly all antibiotics in the human body due to the excessive use of antibiotics, GMO farming can result in pesticide-resistant â€Å"excellent† pests. One such case study involves a legal suit brought by Monsanto. The corporation filed a patent violation against the farmers who they alleged were producing GM crops without using Monsanto GM seeds and paying Monsanto reimbursement (â€Å"Percy Schmeiser Stands Up to Monsanto†). However, it was found out later that the farmer’s crops had been polluted by another farmer’s GM crops planted a few miles away. Food Safety Another concern that GM foods bring with them are the chances of new allergies being produced (Tambornino 5). Data shows that almost a quarter of Americans show an adverse effect to one or more foods. Opponents of GMOs say that adding genes to plants can bring about extra food allergies and thus have adverse health effects. Several children in Europe and the United States have experienced acute allergies to peanuts and other foods. Again, the suggestion to integrate a genetic material from Brazil nuts into soybeans was dismissed because of the fear of causing unanticipated allergic responses. Several people are concerned that if one of the genes from a nut were transmitted to a new food crop, people with an allergy to nuts could unknowingly eat the allergen and suffer potentially dangerous effects. Therefore, the modification of genes from known allergenic foods is rejected unless it can be verified that the end product is not allergic. Developed foods usually are not examined for allergenic characteristics. So far, genetically modified foods in the market have had no allergic consequences. However, because of the fear of having allergic reactions to food, the European Union (EU) decided to ban most imports of GM food. Recently, the EU banned contaminated honey with trace amounts of pollen from genetically modified corn  from general sale (Phillips). There is a rising fear that introducing â€Å"alien† genes into crop plants might have unanticipated and harmful effects on human health. The latest studies show that there are significant differences in the guts of rodents that consume genetically modified food and rats that consume unmodified food (Tambornino 5). This study was done by Arpad Pusztai. After the trials, he found out that the all the rats are underweight but this is expected for a potato – based died. Disturbingly, upon dissection he found out that the rats that have been fed by GM potatoes have lower organs weight and depressed immune system. This has been confirmed by him that the changes found in those rats were due to the DNA construct used regularly for making GM foods. However, most scientists say that GM foods do not pose human health risks. Therefore, a broad assessment of GM foods may be needed to ensure that GM foods will not harm people with food allergies. Classification of GM foods and foodstuffs will obtain new significance. In conclusion, genetic modification can create plants that produce products with the desired features quickly and precisely. However, genetically modified foods have a large variety of impacts on human beings and the environment. A key area of concern regarding GM foods is environmental safety. The production of GM foods can kill other species, such as Monarch butterflies, and it can create wild crosspollination (i.e., the superweed). GM foods can destroy the balance of nature and create a death cycle in which normal crops are modified to have higher tolerance to pests, and, because of their higher tolerance, pests become even more tolerant and hence stronger methods are required to control them. Surely, people just want what is best for everyone. Produc ers want to make profits, and consumers want a safe environment. However, consumers should be the top priority here because they are the ones who fund the production of GM foods. It all falls in the hands of the consumers. Even if the government decides to fund the production of GM foods, what can it do if people reject the foods? How can producers keep insisting on producing GM foods as they watch their own environment deteriorate? At some point, the value of life will outweigh money. Until then, the selling of GM foods should be stopped until the science is perfected. Currently, the risks and benefits of GM foods are almost equally balanced. The benefits and risks counter each other. However, there are still risks in GM foods. Scientists have said that they have not found any health concerns in humans when they consumed GM foods, but GM foods have had some effects on rodent test subjects. Researchers found that the rodents fed GM food showed significant differences in their stomac hs from rodents that were fed non modified food. Despite these concerns, GM food is still widely available in supermarkets. Are you willing to risk your family’s and your health by consuming these products? Throughout the years, the secrets of GMO have been buried by Monsanto. If GM foods are safe, why is Monsanto trying so hard to conceal GM ingredients or to cover up the fact that these GM foods are harmful to rodent test subjects? Now that the truth is out, it is up to you to decide what to believe and what changes to make. Works Cited â€Å"12 Bizarre Examples of Genetic Engineering: Banana Vaccines.† Mother Nature Network.Web.. Flores, Vanessa S., and Allan J. Tobin. â€Å"Genetically Modified (GM) Foods Teaching Critical Thinking.†Ã‚  American Biology Teacher  65.3 (2003): 180-4.  ERIC.  Web.. Garcia, Maria Alice, and Miguel A. Altieri. â€Å"Transgenic Crops: Implications for Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture.†Bulletin of Science Tech nology and Society  25.4 (2005): 335-53.  ERIC.  Web.. â€Å"Genetically Modified (GM) Foods—Renewed Threat to Europe.† banGMFood.org. Web. Hall, Clare, and Dominic Moran. â€Å"Investigating GM Risk Perceptions: A Survey of Anti-GM and Environmental Campaign Group Members.†Ã‚  Journal of Rural Studies  22.1 (2006): 29-37.  ERIC.  Web.. Hellmich, Richard. â€Å"Monarch Butterflies and Bt Corn.† Web.. â€Å"Herbicide Use and GM Crops.† Friends of the Earth. Web.. Liang, George H., and Daniel Z. Skinner. Genetically Modified Crops: Their Development, Uses, and Risks. New York, NY: Food Products Press, 2004. Print. Makoni, Nathaniel, and Jennifer Mohammed-Katerere. â€Å"Genetically Modified Crops.† Slideshare. Web.. Oerke, E.-C., and H.-W. Dehne, â€Å"Safeguarding Production—Losses in Major Crops and the Role of Crop Protection.†Web.. â€Å"Percy Schmeiser Stands Up To—and Takes Down—Monsanto.† V egsource. Web.. Phillips, Leigh. â€Å"EU Bans GM-Contaminated Honey from General Sale† The Guardian. Web.. Sforza, Kevin, Tyler Bazzoli, Zachary Boyles, and Ashley Bloxom. â€Å"Are GM Foods More Harm than Good?† Genetically Modified Foods. Web.. Sorgo, Andrej, and Jana Ambrozic-Dolinsek. â€Å"Knowledge of, Attitudes Toward, and Acceptance of Genetically Modified Organisms among Prospective Teachers of Biology, Home Economics, and Grade School in Slovenia.†Ã‚  Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education  38.3 (2010): 141-50.  ERIC.  Web.. Tambornino, Lisa. â€Å"Genetically Modified Foods.† DRZE. Web.27 Oct. 2012. The Future of Food. Dir. Deborah Koons. Perf. Andrew Kimbrell. Lily Films, 2004. DVD. Zinnen, Tom, and Jane Voichick.â€Å"Biotechnology and Food: Leader and Participant Guide.† Web.. This research paper on Will Genetically Modified Foods Doom Us All? was written and submitted by user Alondra Maynard to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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How hector berlioz transformed the conception of the symphony How Hector Berlioz Transformed the Conception of the Symphony With his breakthrough symphony â€Å"Symphony Fantastique,† Hector Berlioz set the tone for a new type of composing that would amaze the 19th century. With his amazing symphony, he defined the way programmatic music was written. The in-depth story that correlated so well with the music changed the way people viewed composition and the symphony. As influential as this monster symphony was, Berliozs catalog contained many other works, all influential in their own ways. It is no secret that Hector Berlioz changed that way that works were composed in the 19th century. What is even more amazing is that he changed the way people listened to works as well. Over the course of his lifetime, Berlioz composed in many different styles and forms. This ranged from symphonies to overtures to operas. Berlioz presented a style of composing that was before this unheard of. Berlioz sought to portray the widest range of moods possible through his music, much like his idol William Shakespeare did with his literature. For his music, Berlioz enlarged the size of the orchestra to hundreds of people to allow for the wild swings of mood. Berlioz also experimented with new instruments to achieve the range in sounds he desired: the ophicleide, the English horn, the harp, the cornet, and the newly invented saxophone. Berlioz had a very unique approach to musical form and challenged many musical conventions. He rarely used strict sonata- allegro form or theme and variation. Although this was an interesting and innovative measure, other composers of his time were a lot more critical. They spoke out against his pieces, calling them monstrous and bizarre, and even suggested that Berlioz was insane. Some of his most remembered works include Les Troyens (The Trojans), â€Å"La Damnation of Faust, and Symphony Fantastique. Symphony Fantastique, his most celebrated work, can be considered one of the single most influential compositions of the entire 19th century. Although the form and orchestration were revolutionary, whats more is the vivid story it tells, and the fact that its the first complete program symphony. The story surrounding Symphonie Fantastique, involves Harriet Smithson, one of the many loves of Hectors life. Berlioz wrote the Symphonie Fantastique, not in the usual four movements of a symphony, but in five, an arrangement that may have been inspired Shakespeares use of a five- act format. Movements 1 and 5 balance each other in length and substance, as do 2 and 4, leaving the 3rd movement as the center of the work. Berlioz creates a single melody that reappears as a unifying force, movement after movement a total of 8 times during the symphony. Berlioz takes the technique of Beethoven recalling melodies by recalling it constantly, and associating it with an object his beloved Harriet. This musical fixation came to be called his idà ©e fixe (fixed idea.) As Berliozs feelings about Harriet changed from movement to movement, the idà ©e fixe changed along with them. Symphonie Fantastique had many things the audience had never heard before December 5, 1830 when it was first played: new instruments, novel playing effects, simultaneous melodies in different keys, and a form that grows out of the events, unlike any other. Throughout the story, Symphonie Fantastique tells the story of unrequited love, attempted suicide, imaginary murder, and hellish revenge. As in Symphonie Fantastique, Berlioz used his uniqueness to create many more musical works, and become somewhat of a ‘cutting- edge composer. Berlioz alters pitches and assigns different instruments to play the different pitches, as well as adding different tones, colors, and feelings in all of his compositions. These differences, along with his effort to be unlike those before him, may have been what made Louis Hector Berlioz one of the most important composers of the 19th, or any century.

Gesture as a Mediating Factor in Speech and Sign Language Storytelling :: Language Education Teaching

Gesture as a Mediating Factor in Speech and Sign Language Storytelling There are many hearing individuals who do not know sign language but move their hands when speaking. Chances are these people would have a hard time telling the same story if asked not to use their hands. Additionally, the story told without the assistance of gesture would likely seem lackluster by comparison. The question becomes, to what degree is gesture an integral part of effective storytelling and how much does it add to the complexity and richness of a story? How does the gesture used in oral storytelling compare to that used in American Sign Language (ASL) storytelling? If gesture is taken into consideration, will the complexity of information conveyed be equivalent between languages? These are questions that Drs. Sarah Taub, Dennis Galvan, and Pilar Pià ±ar sought to answer in their recent study on the contribution of hand and body movements to the complexity and depth of ASL, English, and Spanish storytelling (Taub, Galvan, & Pià ±ar, 2004). Dennis Galvan Pilar Pià ±ar Sarah Taub Psychology Foreign Languages Linguistics Forming Questions The inspiration to explore the above questions grew from the .ndings of Galvan and Taub’s previous study (2004) in which they compared narratives by native ASL and English users. Results from this study indicated that when compared with English users, ASL signers consistently incorporated much more conceptual A Publication of the Gallaudet Research Institute at Gallaudet University Spring 2005 Kozol Presentation Combines Wit, Wisdom, Outrage, and Compassion** By Robert C. Johnson Jonathan Kozol, author of such books as Death at an Early Age and Savage Inequalities, gave a presentation at Gallaudet on March 30 called â€Å"Shame of the Nation: Resegregation, Inequality, and Over- Testing in Public Education.† The talk was sponsored by the Gallaudet Research Institute as part of its Schaefer Distinguished Lecture Series. In addition to the presentation, Kozol participated in several other sessions with Gallaudet faculty and students in which he reported learning a great deal about deaf students and their educational needs. He said he was particularly intrigued to learn from Gallaudet Department of Education faculty and students—deaf and hearing— that the statement â€Å"separate is never equal† does not necessarily apply to deaf students, many of whom thrive in education programs outside the mainstream. Kozol said his focus has not been on separate programs that are well designed and effectively meeting students’ needs. His concern is that current governmental and socioeconomic factors in America are depriving many students of quality educational experiences because of â€Å"racial apartheid† which is forcing too many minority children to stay in inferior learning environments. During a question and answer session with Kozol, Dr. Barbara Gerner de Garcia, a faculty member in Gallaudet’s Department of Educational Foundations and Research, pointed out

Creating a New Brand in a Competitive Environment

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this document is to show how the marketing has changed to adapt to the modern world, and international companies work to offer the best services and product, competing with other firms. Some Marketing tools have varied depending on the approach; this is why some companies prefer to use a disparity of elements to attract customers and retain them, offering some added value. In the research it is possible to find different theories applied to real examples, and taking companies such as Diageo, Louis Vuitton Moet Hennesy (LVMH), and SABMiller like an example, to introduce a new product in an unexplored segment.Beginning with a short background explaining how the main company works, their star product and direct and indirect competitors. Also, it has discussed about the challenges that this companies have been facing and how they solve these issues, implementing some strategies. The Swot will be explained more in detail, which is important to know the int ernal and external forces, are influence the company stability. The differentiation is also important, because this gives to the company uniqueness, originality and authenticity part that consumers see it like added value.After an intensive study, the recommendations to launch a successful product are made to implement in a new market, avoiding imitations and confusion in customers, due to the huge range of competitions in the same sector. Diageo is always caring about their customers; they support campaigns to avoid underage drinkers. INDEX Page Introduction3 1. Case Background 4 2. Key Findings 5 2. 1. What is the real challenge that Guinness faces at the market? 5 2. 2. More than a want 5 2. 3. A big competition5 2. 4. Marketing Channels 6 2. 5. Finding main challenges in the competition6 . 6. Segmenting Markets7 2. 7. SWOT7 2. 8. Designing a marketing plan8 2. 8. 1. Opportunities in the UK market 8 2. 8. 2. Target Market 9 2. 8. 3. The New 4 P’s 9 2. 9. Creating Brand val ue 10 2. 10. Branding 11 2. 11. Differentiation strategies 11 Recommendations 12 Conclusions 13 Appendix Bibliography INTRODUCTION The main purpose of this assignment, it is to explore different marketing approaches in current markets, apply a disparity of theories studied at class and expose perspectives from both sides in the market, consumers-companies.In general, this project will focus in how to launch a product in a competitive market, where the beer will be the main competitor. Introducing companies such as Diageo, which has a short trajectory but its brands a long heritage history, Louis Vuitton Moet and Hennesy is recognizing for their luxury products; and SABMiller, the variety is the strong part. 1. CASE BACKGROUND Diageo is one of the market leaders in premium beverages companies; they provide a huge range of alcoholic drinks, for example, spirits, beers and wines.They include brands such as Johnnie Walker, Crown Royal, J&B and among many other. Besides this, it is possi ble to find this company in roughly 180 markets, employing more than 25. 000 people with 80 offices. Its company structures and orientation is classified in Geographic, this is why Diageo desires sell the right product to the right customer, and therefore certain products are selling according to the demand of each country. In UK, Guinness is the most popular beer in Bars and Pubs, and it is not only its taste, is also the way to communicate the correct message, which I will discuss in more detail.Apart from this, it has been rated one the top tasting beers around Great Britain. Additionally, having a long heritage makes this brand stronger and trustworthy for drinking people. However, positioned companies, like Louis Vuitton Moet Hennesy (LVMH) and SABMiller, do not facilitate its distribution and selling, so to differentiate each company has worked in the strategic marketing plans, taking into account that LVMH is the indirect competitor in the alcoholic beverages market. 2. KEY F INDINGS 3. 1. What is the real challenge that Guinness faces at the market?A long heritage brand could be difficult to revitalize in a modern and competitive market, due to a huge range of brands trying to imitate the taste and the shape, but how does Guinness keep being recognized by people all of ages without losing their well-know brand and their main features? This question is one of the big challenges that Diageo currently faces. 3. 2. More than a want Historically, beers have been the drinks for people who want to enjoy and celebrate any moment, making them special and unforgettable, and these facts make beer more than a want, a demand which is covered for a lot of companies around the world.Nowadays, the Guinness Brand has become more popular and desirable for everyone, because Diageo just do not want to reflect a beer, but also an entire history of a community that has grown with it. 3. 3. A big competition In this days and age, the competition in this sector has increased, which make more difficult the inclusion of new product. There are more than 40. 000 companies’ worldwide, offering different alcoholic beverages, new contrast, and new messages. According to Euromonitor International (2011), in the UK despite of crises, unemployment and economic downturn, Guinness is still the most popular beer.Nevertheless, in this industry firms such as LVMH and SABMiller, keep doing very well and creating a diverse way to differentiate from the competition. 3. 4. Marketing channels in Guinness compared with SABMiller and LVMH Guinness SABMiller LVMH| Communication | Distribution | Service | As it has been mentioned in the previous table the different method to keep in touch with their consumers and, even better, attracting new ones, is the only way to differentiate between the competitions.Guinness’ authenticity and originality tries to parley the moment drinking beer, into joining these special moments into all their history. However, while Diageo tries to keep in the traditional way, SABMiller is gaining the younger market and LVMH is taking advantage of the weakness in Diageo, and forgetting that luxury wines and spirits are a strong part of their competition. 3. 5. Finding Main Challenges in the Competition As a Global Firm, the role of SABMiller has some challenges that still face nowadays. Their main issue is competing with local brands and the inclusion of new global brands.As a result they always keep practicing their main strategies, in which Nick Fell (2011), SABMiller’s Marketing Director, mention that â€Å"we believe is key to sustaining our competitive edge. Our ability to nurture and grow brands that consumers want is one of our most important business assets†. Meanwhile, LVMH is a luxury brand company which always wants to offer the best quality in a high price. Despite the financial crisis in the last years in Europe, LVMH has grown in the previous years (Lucy Shaw, 2012), this appears to show th at the strategies to keep the high prices in the offering luxury products, have worked.Beyond price and luxury products, brand trust is also important (Kapferer, 2012), because it provides more certainty. They are taking advantage of their brand creating value for consumers. Nevertheless, at the same time, LVMH are forgetting a big part of the market; the youngster. Due to high prices and long heritage history, the products just have covered a small part of the market; as a result Louis Vuitton Moet and Hennesy are making the same mistakes that Guinness made. Taking into account the previous examples, the diffusion of innovation theory (Rogers, 1962, cited in Kotler & Keller, 2011, p. 84) describes five types of consumers, 1) Innovators, 2) Early adopters, 3) Early majority, 4) Late majority, and 5) Laggards, the last category just refers to 16% of people who still buy the same product for a long time, and they believe and trust in the brand; consequently, these companies are coveri ng roughly less than 20% of the market. 3. 6. Segmenting Markets Regarding market segmentation each company and brand identifies a group of customer with similar needs or wants to satisfy. All different companies have different approaches, taking SABMiller for example, which is segmented geographically depending on the country region.In that way they can operate closer to their customers, develop some programs or activities to compete with local stores and concentrate in reacting in any variations of their business competitor. Either way, the grassroots marketing(REF) is a good strategy to implement, when it has been considering including a large part of the market. In addition, it is important to mention that the aforementioned company has an approach in business to business, which it also works as a channel distribution.As well as SABMiller, Diageo uses the same global segmentation strategy in local markets, but simultaneously splitting the market demographically in accordance wit h gender and age. In this case, Guinness has been segmented by age and behavior, which belongs to age group in 20 to 35, and people who want to enjoy a moment, taking some time, and relax without worries. Having discussed SABMiller and Guinness segmentation strategies, it could expose the LVMH segmentation strategies. Spirits and wines sold by LVMH have been segmented demographically, which includes income and social status, people who want to feel sophisticated in a luxury market. . 7. SWOT (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) Strengths * Strong structural companies, powerful brand extensions and long heritage history. Diageo has all the variables to succeed in a market where it already has launched some products. It also has a long history with brands such as Guinness, Johnnie Walker or Buchannan. Even when the company is relatively new, it has more than 80 offices around the world, this would indicate huge market knowledge. Weaknesses * Venture in a completely new segm ent. This could be a huge growth opportunity but, if it the new brand fails, the reputation of the other brands can be affected.Opportunities * Low competitions in a new market. The UK is famous for its beer, some whiskeys and cider, but all of them focus on men, regardless the female of what wants and demands are. The growth of women markets is a chance to venture in a new segment. Threats * Big companies and big brands. The hard competition in well-known brands and the ease of imitations can become a threat to the beer product in the UK. Coupled with this, is the entry of this substitute’s products (Porter, 1985, cited in Ranchhod and Gurau, 2007), like cider (Bulmers, SABMiller) or wines (LVMH), which are located in the top percentage of drinks aimed towards women. . 8. Designing a Marketing Plan As said by Kotler and Keller (2011), a marketing plan has two levels: Strategic and tactical, which include target market, value proposition and product strategy respectively. 3. 9. 1. Opportunities in the UK market According to Alcohol Concern (2008), approximately 90% of British women drink at least once per week, while men drink 21 units of alcohol per week, women drink 14 units. These facts make the female segment a strong one, to penetrate this forgotten sector.So, due to this huge demand in the alcoholic beverage market and thinking in the female sector, Diageo has taken the initiative to launch a special product for women and their wants and demands. Besides, studying this segment, it has found that the competition offering beer for women is really low. In the graph below, it shows the amount in units drinking of each gender: Fig 1. Office for National Statistics (2005) Units per week [Medium] [Online] Available at http://www. alcoholconcern. org. uk/assets/files/Publications/Women%20factsheet. df (Accessed: 22 February 2013) Following this short but essential research, it is promising to say that the women are an unexplored market, where companies li ke Diageo have a great opportunity to venture in this segment. 3. 9. 2. Target Market Diageo brands have a long heritage history with strengths make easy to get into unknown segment, and consequently reaching a position in the alcoholic drinks market. Diageo realizes this area of the market occupied by women market is an ideal segment to launch a product, which caters to their wants and demands.This product is addressed to young professional women, who just want to enjoy life in any given moment, regardless of worries. So, FEM-Ale is targeted to young women, who are aged between 21 to 35 years old, and women just want to relax after a long hard day at work. To be more specific, it will target the market according to the income of women, the hourly pay rates are between 6 and 10 pounds per week (BBC, 2012). 3. 9. 3. The New 4 P’s (Marketing Mix) It has been mentioned that the old marketing has changed, and not all the tools are still used to develop attracting strategies.This is because of people behavioral change and also the world has been affected by some forces such as globalization, consumerism and commercial agreement involving governments. One of the first authors that mention the marketing-mix tools was McCarthy (1960), who determined different activities of marketing: Product, price, place and promotion. However, in this contemporary world it is necessary to look at some changes as to the effectiveness of this tool, which encompasses market communications, value and other variables that make the outcome more productive.Trying to adapt the modern world to traditional tools, authors like Piercy (2012) and Kotler and Keller (2011) have tried to establish the new four Ps. Kotler believed that the new 4 elements of the marketing mix should be: people, processes, programs and performance, taking into account that these components are more closely identifiable to the real needs in a company. Meanwhile, Piercy highlighted that the tools do not need to c hange at all but give them a different approach, for instance: the roduct and pricing policies ought to be focused in value offering, while place and promotion should be used like marketing tools. To describe the strategies used by Fem-Ale, Piercy is the author chosen to explain each one. The Value Offering To begin with Product Policy, there are a lot of variables that can affect the offering by the brand and they will be described as part of the product strategy: * Brand name: the name of the beer, want to show the rude side of boys but the female and delicacy of girls, Fem-Ale. Product variety: currently Diageo has a lot of brands that could be used by them to show the same reliability and trustfulness, for instance, at the beginning the beer will be an original sweet flavor and depending on the product placement will launch a disparity of flavors and varieties. Comparing the product diversity with SABMiller, the direct competitor, they have more than 80 options and flavors, whic h some of them are targeted at women, such as Redd’s beer, a brand which was launched successfully in Colombia and the UK (Fernandez, 2008), without success; with only the Colombian market showing success. Design and packaging: Kotler (2011) has mentioned packaging like the fifth P. It is really important because is the first contact with the customer; it is a moment of truth, in which the marketer may know if this product strategy works. The beer will come in two different packages: a can and bottle, with a pink-black color label, which describes the name, because in line with Madden, Hewwet, and Roth (2000, cited in Dibb, 2006), colors are a good strategy to attract consumers and communicate what they truly expect, do not attract teenagers market to confuse them, due to the huge problem that the UK have with underage drinkers.Establish pricing strategies is also important, because this is where the company can expect to gain a good profit. Fem-ale beer is a product for any women with a special flavor and taste tailor to their specifications, Fem-ale beer is also aimed towards any women who want to relax. That is why Diageo should keep the same price as other brand extension in the same sector. This would be a competitive price. Marketing tools Places or Distributions are all the channels to sell, deliver and offer the product. Initially, Fem-Ale would start offering some samples in pubs and retail stores.At the beginning, the coverage will be small towns close to London, because it is an easy way to introduce a new product, where people are more flexible and depending on people’s acceptance, it will be introduced to other towns. The last elements are promotional strategies or marketing communications. These are a method to introduce the product to the consumers, inviting them to try the innovations, attracting through services and promotions, and retaining loyalty customer offering some value. Within marketing communications strategies will be a web-site, describing recipes of dishes or cocktails that could accompany the new brew.As well as this some events and concerts would be sponsor by FEM-ale, a big campaign showing why this beer will satisfy the women’s wants, and using Guinness’ well-known brand, to incite trust and confidence to people who are already committed to the long heritage history of Guinness, and by means of co-branding (REF) like a promotional strategy. 3. 9. Creating Brand value It is good to show that not just young women may be sexy, self-sufficient and do not depend on anyone else to be happy, because Diageo just want to show that there is no discrimination between genders, and in this modern world women need a place to shine.This approach will be focused to make women feel strong and they just have the entire world in them hands. Diageo is creating an approach totally different from traditional beers, and giving support to the female side. (REF) 3. 10. Branding 3. 11. Differentiated s trategies: POP and POD On the other hand, SABMiller are using the dual adaption strategy (Keegan, 2005), in which communications as well as product has to be adapted to the local markets facts, including packaging, colors, name and taste. In this case, they are sure that their customers are satisfied with the cultural facts of each country. . 12. Supporting campaigns to avoid underage drinkers RECOMMENDATIONS Nowadays, the world has changed and consequently people minds have changed as well. The consumerism, globalization, big competitions in markets, crises downturn, and among many other reasons, they are some forces that affect(REF) people choice at the moment to buy a product and make people desire more goods with more specific requirements. Not all is about low prices, good quality, offers a good service, but communicating the correct message to the right consumers it is the easy way to create a product-customer connection.CONCLUSIONES Bibliography Pag 82 Market-led Author Nigel F. Piercy The New strategic Brand Management http://www. guinness-storehouse. com/en/Inside. aspx http://www. guinness. com/en-row/arthurs-day/default. html http://www. thegatheringireland. com/I-Love-Ireland/I-Love-Ireland-Blog/September-2012/Arthur-Guinness-the-man-behind-the-brew. aspx http://www. fastcompany. com/44736/brand-marketing-guinness http://www. marketingmagazine. co. uk/news/1152779/Guinness-launches-cloud-TV-campaign/ http://www. marketingmagazine. o. uk/news/1145962/Guinness-celebrates-Arthurs-Day-global-ad/ http://www. marketingmagazine. co. uk/news/1152357/Guinness-takes-skies-social-media-driven-campaign/ http://www. marketingmagazine. co. uk/news/rss/1156974/Q-A-Guinness-global-strategy-communications-director-Grainne-Wafer/ http://www. dailymail. co. uk/sciencetech/article-1363835/Why-Guinness-tastes-better-Ireland-world. html http://library. bcu. ac. uk/learner/writingguides/1. 02%20Reports. htm http://www. guinness. com/en-gb/theads. html

Curb Your Enthusiam †an in Depth Analysis Essays

Curb Your Enthusiam – an in Depth Analysis Essays Curb Your Enthusiam – an in Depth Analysis Essay Curb Your Enthusiam – an in Depth Analysis Essay In the twelvemonth 2000. the legendary comic. Larry David. created kerb Your Enthusiasm. It is a comedy telecasting series produced by HBO about Larry David. starring Larry David himself. He plays himself as a retired comedian manufacturer and author. The show follows him through his twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours life. which often puts him in awkward state of affairss as he frequently gets annoyed with the position qua and normal societal state of affairss. Larry is highly vocal about his annoyances. affecting non merely him. but the other characters on the show. The show depicts an unblinking. self-deprecating word picture of his life and the lives of his household and friends. The show is called Curb Your Enthusiasm because Larry David feels that most people live their lives by agencies of false enthusiasm. He thinks they do this in order to give off the feeling that we are better than you . Larry besides called the show Curb because he did non desire his audience to anticipate excessively much from the show following seinfelds tremendous success. Curb finally became one of the most critically acclaimed telecasting series. harvesting in legion awards and fans. There are many various characters on Curb Your Enthiusiasm. which makes the show highly dynamic. His married woman and finally antique married woman. Cheryl. played by Cheryl Hines is normally Larrys voice of ground. She frequently guides Larry in the right way of the societal norms. and vociferously expresses her irritation with him on his many societal fake passe. Larrys best friend. Jeff Greene. played by Jeff Garlin. is another major influence on Larry’s character. He is known to be without ethical motives and consciences. paying small respect to the fact that he is married and with a kid. Many times. Jeff gets Larry involved in his unfaithfulnesss. invariably constructing to Larrys ain play. His married woman. Susie Green. played by Susie Essman. is a bully. She is invariably seting down her hubby. Larry. and friends. frequently utilizing profanity and sheer coarse behaviour. Although she has a disgusting oral cavity. she walks on the consecutive way of morality versus her hubby and Larry. Last but non least. Larry himself. Larry is an barbarian. petroleum. and neurotic person. He normally has good purposes. but they are blinded by his selfish and obstinate personality. He is non diffident about his thical rules and ethical motives. and continuously voices his sentiment when a state of affairs does non travel his manner. By and large. he initiates his state of affairss on petit larceny inside informations. which snowball into major issues and quandary. He pursues what he perceives to be the right way. although the societal norms may order something else wholly. His actions continuously lead him into awkward. entertaining. and side splitting state of affairss which he is relentless about rectifying. His misjudgments are so extraordinary that Larry David created a topographic point for himself in dad civilization termed a Larry David Moment : an highly awkward societal state of affairs. Some of Larry’s most celebrated injudiciousnesss are stopping and chatting with familiarities and tipping at eating houses. Larry David himself is an highly gifted comic. He. along with Jerry Seinfeld co-wrote and produced the mega popular Seinfeld. After nine seasons of Seinfeld. it was an terminal to an epoch. Seinfeld ran its last episode in 1998. In 1999. Larry produced the first Curb Your Enthusiasm. Originally It was meant to be a one clip sole. a one hr mockumentary- when the characters are cognizant of the precense of the cameras and crew. The show turned out to be a major success. The Larry David show rapidly snowballed into Curb Your Enthusiasm. one of the greatest and extremely acclaimed shows of all clip. Television has many different popular genres. manners. and plans. Before Curb Your Enthusiasm arrived on the scene. the most popular plans from the 1890ss were Roseanne. Friends. Full House. Family Matters. and Everybody Loves Raymond. These telecasting shows formed Television into new waies and defined the wit of the decennary. They were the start of telecasting sitcoms- shortened for state of affairs comedies. A situation comedy is a show that features characters sharing the same common environment. such as a place or workplace. accompanied with gags as portion of the duologue. Originally. situation comedies started as wireless shows. but as we evolved to a television-oriented society. situation comedies acclimated every bit good. One of the most celebrated original situation comedies is I Love Lucy. known for being one of the best and most popular shows of all clip. It was the first show to execute in forepart of a studio audience. Lucy showed and influenced society in many ways such as the difference between the sexes. The I Love Lucy show continued the ever-popular and antique battle between the sexes scenarios. Ricky and Fred would seek to teach the misss a lesson now and so. and frailty versa. In many ways the Ricky A ; Fred squad V. The Lucy A ; Ethel squad put work forces and adult females on equal land. as the two continually schemed against one another with similar rates of successful strategies and backfired 1s. This was one manner for Lucy to get away the submissive homemaker image with some rebelliousness of her ain. There was a changeless desire to surpass the other sex. which possibly was a signal of the altering times and altering functions work forces and adult females would keep in the coming decades . Situation comedies used individual camera cinematography manner. which was more practical given the ocular effects used in these shows. This allowed for the careful creative activity of particular effects and crisp redaction. characteristics which were non possible with the same delicacy in a multi-camera production. Many of these plans were non filmed before unrecorded audiences. and featured a laugh path. Jerry Seinfeld. in 1989. created Seinfield. the mega popular situation comedy. known to be one of the greatest shows of all clip. Seinfield follows the life and Godhead Jerry Seinfeld. as he lives his life utilizing absurdism- struggle between the human inclinations to seek built-in value and significance in life and the human inability to happen any. The characters of Seinfeld have no ethical motives. hope. aspiration. and compassion. Everything they do leads to failure. The show is a show about nothing . significance there is no flood tide or minutes of poignancy for any of the characters. Curb besides uses many of the same attributes. The show is based on absurdism. with the characters holding small or no ethical motives whatsoever. It is besides a show about nothing . following the characters mundane twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours undertakings. Television shows have a major cultural affect on society. Friends. for illustration. was so popular that its influences still affect us till this twenty-four hours. Of illustration. Rachels haircut is called The Rachel . Joeys catch phrase How you doin and the Central Perk Franchise are merely a few of the cultural affects Friends had on our society. It besides changed the format of love and household. booming on the construct that all you need is good friends . The situation comedy depicts the thought that we can take our household and unrecorded life in a more unconventional mode. Harmonizing to pop-culture expert at the University of Buffalo. Friends is one of those rare shows that marked a alteration in American culture . Most of the Television shows that premiered when Curb Your Enthusiasm came out were complete antonyms of it. For illustrations. shows such as Gilmore Girls. Smallville. Scrubs. and Degrassi were highly popular. These shows are all play comedies. scripted. and the fictional antonym of documental manner. Another popular telecasting show is Grey’s Anatomy. Grey’s Anatomy is a medical play about a group of sawboness working at Seattle Grace Hospital. The show centres on Meredith Grey ( Ellen Pompeo ) and her life as a occupant at the infirmary. In add-on to her relationship with her neurosurgeon hubby. Derek Shepherd ( Patrick Dempsey ) . and best friend Cristina Yang ( Sandra Oh ) . it besides explores her relationships with her equals and the other physicians around her. It is filled with romantic play and ethical quandary that are highly unrealistic. The characters are besides really good looking and infeasible. Curb is alone in many ways that makes it exceptionally screaming and an instant cult authoritative. The show is largely improvised. intending that there is no existent book that the show sticks to. The characters have a plot line. based off of a twosome of pages written by Larry David himself. The histrions so improvise their duologue based on the narrative lineation. way. and their ain creativeness. Unlike most other popular situation comedies. Curb has fundamentally no authors. no book. and no dry run. The characters are natural. and easy credible. They do non dress in high manners. look like theoretical accounts. or move like people usually would. There is no heroic love affairs or brainsick play. The show is merely Larry taking on the societal scene in his ain alone manner. In many episodes. Curb- like its predecessor Seinfeld- tied together seemingly unrelated events woven throughout a given episode into an uncoerced flood tide that resolves the narrative lines at the same time. either to Larry’s advantage or hurt. For illustration. in the episode The Black Swan ( season seven. episode 7 ) that is precisely the instance. In the beginning of the episode. Larry discovers that his female parents headstone is misspelled and vows to repair it. Larry and his brothers are so seen at the snobby golf nine. which has many regulations that Larry invariably breaks. including accidently killing the proprietors swan and other golf member and declining to tip the server. At the terminal of the show the grave says mother of swan killer and Larry gets caught. The whole show ties together attractively. with every item finally playing a portion in the stoping. Another illustration of the show is Every show displays this glare. doing it screaming and extremely gratifying to watch. The show besides uses a individual camera apparatus. The individual camera apparatus is by and large utilized on comedy series that either require or strive for specific shootings and camera angles and ocular set-pieces. When the potency of the individual camera cinematography manner is to the full maximized the camera motion. the manner shootings are composed and edited. and other directorial flourishes. will be every bit much a beginning of comedy as the behaviour of the characters. The shows asthetics are besides obviously and simple. doing it look as if its existent life and easy to believe. This leads to the manner of the show- a mockmentary. Mockumentarys are in the same manner as a docudrama. yet shot when the dramatis personae is to the full cognizant that the cameras and crews are there- like a bogus docudrama. It is extremely jury-rigged. intending the characters do non memorise a book and merely act. They must be originative with the narrative and set their ain sparkle in it. The show is non filled with the typical play and unrealistic histrions that other taking telecasting series are celebrated for. It is hence easy relatable and lovable. Another illustration utilizing all these elements is from season eight. episide three- The Palestinian Chicken. Larry relishes his function as a social assassin until it becomes a liability with his friends. on the golf class and at a Palestinian eating house. The narrative one time once more has a beginning. in-between. and ends which all ties together towards the terminal of the episode. Another appealing facet to the show is its word picture of Judaic characters. Vincent Brook stated. Curb’s committedness to Jewish designation greatly enhances its storytelling capacity. as it lends greater pragmatism and dimension to the characters and opens the show up to episodes with meaningful Judaic subjects. Larry’s character mirrors the schmiel from Yiddish folklore. The shlemiel is normally a amusing character whose actions lead to his inevitable ruin. but besides stands as a signifier of opposition to societal and cultural values and norms. David Gillota wrote: As a true shlemiel. Larry’s failure serves as a direct challenge to the position quo and encourages viewing audiences to oppugn the myriad unwritten regulations that we follow in our mundane lives. Gillota besides observed: Whereas the shlemiel of Eastern Europe encountered jobs that largely affected Eastern European Jews ( such as antisemitism and economic endurance ) . Larry encounters jobs that affect modern-day middle- to upper-class American Jews. viz. . Judaic assimilation. secularism. exogamy. and. as all of these uggest. the Jews’ unstable cultural individuality in an progressively multicultural environment. Alec Berg. one of the authors for Curb and Seinfeld said. Structure. construction. construction. Every individual thing in a book must progress the secret plan or specify a character more deeply ( ideally both. in a screaming manner ) or it will decease in the edit . Larry David himself is nowhere nigh every bit vibrant as the Larry David he plays onscreen. Larry lives vicariously through his character. moving as a entire societal marauder wherever and whenever he pleases. He has said in an interview that. he is my version of Superman. The character truly is me. but I merely couldn’t perchance behave like that. If I had my preferences. that would be me all the clip. but you can’t make that. We’re ever making things we don’t want to make. we neer say what we truly experience. and so this is an idealised version of how I want to be. As loony as this individual is. I could step into those places right now. but I would be arrested or I’d be hit or whatever. I find the character to be honest. And honesty comes off as cranky or rude. I suppose. But that character is manner happier than I am. I’m cranky. He’s non cranky. I’d be much happier if I were more like him. He besides said From the character I play on the show? The lone difference is he’s much more honest than I am. He’s viciously honest. and I am non. Peoples seem to believe that he’s cranky. I get that. I don’t see him as a curmudgeon. I merely think he’s honest. and he gets in confrontations with people because he’s honest. I am non honest. Because of this really delicate. socially balanced universe we live in. you can’t speak like that . He feels as if he is interrupting through a barrier. an suppression that he couldn’t do as himself. In decision. Control Your Enthusiasm is non your mean Television show. Thankss to the comedic mastermind. Larry David. the show has become a smash hit success. running a full eight seasons and numbering. It has become portion of pop civilization. set uping its ain footings and constructs. The usage of mockumentary. absurdism. dry wit. and pragmatism are a major portion of the shows appeal and success. Filled with far-out and dry wit. Curb continues to interrupt barriers. pleasing and flooring its audience’s episode after episode.

Pol Pot essays

Pol Pot essays On April 17, 1976, Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge, a group of Cambodian Marxists, stormed the Cambodian capital of Phonm Penh, forcing Cambodia into four years of horrifying terror. They declared this time Zero Hour, the day Cambodia would enter a new utopian era and say goodbye to the flawed ways of a capitalistic society. Yet in reality, Pol Pot, leader of the Khmer Rouge, achieved nothing for Cambodia. The Cambodian people only suffered under Pol Pot, with an estimated death toll of 3,000,000. Pol Pot, a conniving man, whos rule over Cambodia was marked by mass murder, negligence, and despotic rule, attempted and failed to create an egalitarian communist society, exploiting the manual power of the masses. In 1970, Prince Sihanouk was hoisted out of power in a coup de tat. General Lon Nol, backed by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the United States (US), successfully seized power in Cambodia. Nol, as opposed to Sihanouk, was pro US, something the US valued in their war against Cambodias bordering nation of Vietnam. Nol took little consideration of the people and their needs, and his corrupt administration stirred support for the Khmer Rouge (Seekins, 4). At that time, the Khmer Rouge, a thirty-year-old Communist movement, began their take over of Cambodia. In the five-year period that followed, Cambodia befell into a Civil War between the Khmer Rouge and Lon Nols forces. On April 17th, 1976, the Khmer Rouge succeeded and marched into Phnom Penh. The Khmer Rouge, at the time, was led by Pol Pot, formerly known as Saloth Sar. Sar had received an education in radio electronics in France. In France, Sar was introduced to Marxism. His teachers led him to believe that Cambodia, a prosperous monarchy at the time, should go through an agricultural revolution, converting Cambodia to a classless agrarian country (Geyer, 1). In doing so, Pol Pot was believed that Cambod...

Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus Case Study

Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus - Case Study Example In early diabetes mellitus, it has been stated that the ability of muscles to take up and utilize glucose are decreased by more than 50 percent. A major effect of glucagon occurs next in the pathology when it stimulates the release of excessive glucose from the live. Also, it is known that fat tissues in the body are resistant to the effects of insulin and they release free fatty acids which are a major contributor in the development of insulin resistant (Byrne, 2011). The release of free fatty acids from dysfunctional fat cells leads to increased insulin resistance. Adipocytes also release certain chemical mediator which act on the pancreatic beta cells and deteriorate their function. On the other hand it is a well-known fact that insulin has a lipolytic effect i.e. it causes breakdown of additional fatty tissues in the body and avoids accumulation of fat in the body. In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who are already obese, insulin resistance develops over time and leads to deterioration of the function of beta cells of pancreas. Free fatty acids produced by adipocytes are transferred to the liver where they act on liver cells and inhibit the formation of glycogen from glucose. This results in the release of high levels of glucose from the liver. Early stages of the disease see high levels of insulin and high levels of blood glucose at the same time however the with decreased functional capacity of beta cells and their destruction in the course of the disease, blood levels of insulin decrease. This decrease in the levels of insulin leads to the accumulation of fat in the body and causes abdominal obesity (Byrne, 2011). Microvascular changes are of profound importance in type 2 diabetes mellitus since they can lead to fatal consequences. One of the major causes behind these microvascular changes is continuous hypertension in type 2 diabetes. Hypertension is caused by loss of the ability of

Technology of Information Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Technology of Information Security - Essay Example As technological advancement keeps coming, several reliable cryptography methods are continuing to emerge. Data encryption has a number of advantages and disadvantages. Its disadvantages come mainly because the technology is sometimes not used as required. Cryptography is a very powerful and important technology that can be used to protect information sent to emails and all financial based transactions. Information needs to be shared in order to make various decisions that govern various activities. For this reason, information should be as confidential as possible for sustainability and accuracy of its use. Data encryption techniques offer a solution for the protection of information against all third parties. The techniques are basically needed for information to be encrypted whereby one party shares its information with a recipient. On the other hand, enemies can hack into people’s accounts and plot violence against a country with knowledge of cryptography. Some governments want to restrict its use for fear of criminals and spies using the technology for their good and to the disadvantage of the nation. How Encryption Technique works Encryption is a process whereby messages are converted into a form that has been created that without decrypting or deciphering, they cannot be read. Encryption uses a systematic procedure or algorithm which converts messages or data to their original form. The cryptologists are engaged in competition that will never end in a bid to create better and stronger techniques that will be used by parties to protect their data. Although other methods of deciphering exist, the recent systems are more powerful to an extent that they are almost unbreakable even with the use of powerful computers. The new cryptosystems use mathematical formulae that are very complex and which effectively resist breakthroughs. The Use of PGB There are several popular encryption systems used in the world today. They include the data encryption standar d (DES), pretty good privacy (PGB), and the Rivest Shamir, Adleman (ARS) system. The DES system uses a single key and it has been developed in the USA. The RSA on the other hand uses two keys and was generally made just for the public use and named after the people who developed it (Frazier2004). Pretty Good Privacy (PGB) helps internet users to keep all their communications private. It is a two key system which enables a computer to send encrypted messages using a chosen private key that only the sender knows. All the computers that will receive the email message are given a copy of the private key which later establishes the message sender. When using the public key method, the one who sends the message and the receiver are both able to authenticate each other and also protect the message which is usually secret. Advantages of Encryption Techniques Encryption techniques make information unreadable to people who are not supposed to access the information. This is very important to many organizations because no third party can access information without being allowed to do so by the sender. The information cannot be accessed even through the administrator’s server leave alone other computers. This improves loyalty and secrecy in the organization or any governments in the world today. Data encryption is regarded as a national issue by governments because it majorly